Growing carnations in greenhouses

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A variety of flowers and a wonderful smell peculiar only to this flower makes carnation almost the most popular flower after roses on earth. Therefore, many are interested in how to grow cloves in their area.

Clove - photophilous plant, requires constant moderate moisture. The soil mixture must be fertile, enriched with organic matter. Cloves are grown in greenhouses with good lighting throughout the year. The height of the structure should not be lower than 2.5 - 2.7 m. Before placing the greenhouse, grooves of 0.5 m depth are inserted into its perimeter and at the locations of future ridges, into which slate, a dense mesh or other fence is inserted. Instead of soil, which is selected to a depth of 50-60 cm, various substrates are poured in the following order: a mixture of sawdust and charcoal (30-35 cm layer) is laid on the bottom of the ditch and poured with water (approximately 50 liters per 10 m2). After ripening the soil, add 2 - 3 kg of superphosphate and 200 g of ammonium nitrate or crystalline (based on 1 m3 of the previously introduced mixture). After 1 - 2 days, the substrate is dug up and moisturized abundantly (30 l per 10 m2) with a 0.2 - 0.5% solution of copper sulfate. A soil mixture is poured on top, which consists of three parts of sawdust, 1/3 of peat and the same amount of manure aged for at least three years. This mixture is also poured with water and 20-30 g of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are added to a bucket of water. After ripening, the soil is deeply dug. It is necessary to ensure that the soil reaction is neutral or slightly acidic (pH in the range of 6.5 - 7). The substrate is allowed to stand for 25 to 30 days to compact the soil.

The best time for planting pre-rooted live bait is March, April. You can carry out this operation in late April - early May. The planting scheme is 10x15 cm, that is 60 - 65 plants per 1 m2, the depth of placement of the roots of live bites is 1.5 - 2 cm. The soil is constantly moistened, but its overmoistening is not allowed. When the plants take root, the greenhouse should be regularly ventilated. The temperature in the winter during the day is maintained within the range of 10 - 13 ° С, at night - 6 - 8 ° С, in the summer the optimum temperature is 18 - 20 ° С. In hot periods, it is advisable to water the greenhouse, while the temperature is significantly reduced, and the lighting remains good.

Plants are formed by pinching over the third node (if you miss this moment, you can pinch over the fourth and sixth node).

In spring, top dressing should be carried out every week, preferably with mullein, diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 with the addition of 20 g of calcium nitrate per bucket of water, 2 - 3 g of magnesium sulfate with the addition of micronutrient tablets, which are dissolved in a bucket of water.

Plants maintain their productivity for two years, after which they are dug up and destroyed, as they can be the focus of diseases and pests. The greenhouse is disinfected, after which it is desirable to create a new substrate.

Cuttings can be cut throughout the year, but better - in February – April and in late August – early September. Plants bloom 8 to 12 months after the rooting of live bait and 3 to 5 months after the last pinching.

In winter, it is advisable to finish cloves, which provides an increase in the yield of marketable flowers by 10-15%.

For grafting use shoots with a length of 12 to 18 cm with 2 to 3 nodes. After cutting, the live bait is immediately treated with heteroauxin. Root live bait on racks with soil heating. The substrate for rooting is prepared from peat, turf land and old manure, taken in equal proportions. It is poured with a layer of 3-4 cm on expanded clay, and on top clean washed sand with a layer of 2-3 cm. Each component must be decontaminated with steam, boiling water or potassium permanganate.